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{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Jamaican English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Port Royal
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
(contracted; show full)
}}

[[File:Map_showing_the_harbours_of_Port_Royal_and_Kingston%2C_Jamaica_Wellcome_L0063041.jpg|thumb|260px|Port Royal and Kingston Harbours (map of 1774)]]
'''Port Royal''' is a village located at the end of the [[Palisadoes]] at the mouth of [[Kingston Harbour]], in southeastern [[Jamaica]]. Founded in 1494 by the [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]], it was once the largest city in the [[Caribbean]], functioning as the centre of shipping and commerce in the 
[[Caribbean Sea]] by the latter half of the 17th century.<ref name=BBCKingston>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-18601357 |title=Jamaica's 'wickedest city' Port Royal banks on heritage|last=Davis |first=Nick |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=25 July 2012}}</ref> It was destroyed by an [[1692 Jamaica earthquake|earthquake on 7 June 1692]], which had an accompanying [[tsunami]]. Severe hurricanes have regularly damaged it. Another severe [[1907 Kingston earthquake|earthquake (contracted; show full)

==Defense of the port==
[[File:Port Royal Fort defenses.JPG|thumb|Port Royal Fort defences]]In 1657, as a solution to his defence concerns, Governor Edward D'Oley invited the [[Brethren of the Coast]] to come to Port Royal and make it their home port. The Brethren was made up of a group of pirates who were descendants of cattle-hunting ''boucaniers'' (later anglicized to buccaneers), who had turned to piracy after being robbed by the Spanish (and subsequently thrown out of 
[[Hispaniola]]).<ref name="autogenerated2006"/> These pirates concentrated their attacks on Spanish shipping, whose interests were considered the major threat to the town.

These pirates later became legal English [[privateers]] who were given [[letters of marque]] by Jamaica's governor. Around the same time that pirates were invited to Port Royal, England launched a series of attacks against Spanish shipping vessels and coastal towns. By sending the newly appointed privateers after Spanish ships and settlements, England had successfully set up a system of defence for Port Royal. Spain was forced to continually defend their property, and did not have the means with which to retake its land.<ref name="autogenerated2006"/>

==17th-century economy==
Spain could not retake the island and, due to pirates, could no longer regularly provide their colonies in the [[New World]] with manufactured goods. The progressive irregularity of annual Spanish fleets, combined with an increasing demand by colonies for manufactured goods, stimulated the growth of Port Royal. Merchants and privateers worked together in what is now referred to as "forced trade." Merchants would sponsor trading endeavors with the Spanish, while also sponsoring privateers to attack Spanish ships and rob Spanish coastal towns.<ref name="autogenerated2006"/> While the merchants most certai(contracted; show full)

The forced trade became almost a way of life in Port Royal. Michael Pawson and David Busseret wrote "...one way or the other nearly all the propertied inhabitants of Port Royal seem to have an interest in privateering."<ref>Michael Pawson and David Buisseret, ''Port Royal, Jamaica'' (Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2000).</ref> Forced trade was rapidly making Port Royal one of the wealthiest communities in the English territories of 
[[North America]], far surpassing any profit made from the production of sugar cane. Zahedieh wrote, "The Portobello raid [in 1668] alone produced plunder worth £75,000, more than seven times the annual value of the island’s sugar exports, which at Port Royal prices did not exceed £10,000 at this time."<ref name="autogenerated1986"/>

==Climate==
(contracted; show full)de use of a [[careening]] wharf at Port Royal and rented a building on the foreshore to serve as a storehouse. From 1675, a resident Naval Officer was appointed to oversee these facilities;<ref name=rmg>{{cite web|title=Royal Museums Greenwich research guide|url=http://www.rmg.co.uk/researchers/library/research-guides/the-royal-navy/research-guide-b5-royal-naval-dockyards}}</ref> however, development was cut short by the 1692 earthquake. After the earthquake, an attempt was made to establish a 
[[naval base]] at [[Port Antonio]] instead, but the climate there proved disagreeable. From 1735, Port Royal once more became the focus of the Admiralty's attention. New wharves and storehouses were built at this time, as well as housing for the officers of the Yard. Over the next thirty years, more facilities were added: [[cooperages]], workshops, [[sawpit]]s, and accommodation (including a canteen) for the crews of ships being careened there.<ref name=Coad2013>{{cite book|last1=Coad|first1=Jonathan|title=Sup(contracted; show full)[[Category:Tourist attractions in Kingston, Jamaica]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Kingston, Jamaica]]
[[Category:1518 establishments in the Spanish Empire]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1518]]
[[Category:Piracy in the Caribbean]]
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<small>This page was moved from [[:en:Port Royal]]. Its edit history can be viewed at [[Port Royal/edithistory]]</small></noinclude>