Revision 10467371 of "Користувач:Alex Blokha/Flag Of Afganistan/" on ukwiki

{{Infobox flag
| Name = Afghanistan
| Article = 
| Nickname = kundar
| Morenicks = 
| Image = Flag of Afghanistan.svg
| Use =
| Symbol = 
| Proportion = 2:3
| Adoption = January 4, 2004
| Design = A vertical tricolor of black, red, and green charged in the center with [[Emblem of Afghanistan|the national emblem]]
| Designer = 
| Type = National
}}
The '''[[Flag]] of [[Afghanistan]]''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: '''بيرق افغانستان''', [[Pashto language|Pashto]]: '''د افغانستان بيرغ''') was adopted by the transitional government of Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan in 2002–2004. This flag is similar to the one flown in Afghanistan during the [[monarchy]] between 1930 and 1973.  The difference is the addition of the ''[[shahadah]]'' at the top of the [[coat-of-arms]] (seen in gold/yellow) in the center. The new flag was adopted January 4, 2004.

This flag consists of three stripes of the colors black, red, and green.  This has been present on most flags of Afghanistan in the last twenty years. The center emblem is the classical [[emblem of Afghanistan]] with a [[mosque]] with its [[mihrab]] facing [[Mecca]].

The pre-[[Taliban]]-era and [[Afghan Northern Alliance]] flag featured the same emblem, but with green, white and black horizontal stripes instead.

Afghanistan has had more changes of its national flag during the twentieth century than any other country in the world.[http://flagspot.net/flags/af_his.html]

== Historical flags ==
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="border: 1px #AAAAAA solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Years of Use'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Flag'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Ratio'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Government'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Notes'''
|-
|1747-1823
|[[File:Flag_of_the_Durrani_Empire.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|[[Durrani Empire]]
|The flag of the Durrani Empire was a green-white-green triband.[http://membres.lycos.fr/jolle/afg1.htm] After the Durrani Shahs were overthrown, it was used in Herat until 1842.
|-
|1880-1901
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|[[Emirate of Afghanistan]]
|Flag flown under the rule of [[Abdur Rahman Khan]].
|-
|1901-1919
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1901.png|border|108px]]
|3:5
|Emirate of Afghanistan
|Flag flown under the rule of [[Habibullah Khan]].  Habibullah added to his father’s flag a seal that is the precursor of the modern-day [[Emblem of Afghanistan|seal]].
|-
|1919-1921
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1928).svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Emirate of Afghanistan
|First flag flown under the rule of [[Amanullah Khan]]. He expanded upon his father’s flag by adding rays emanating from the seal in the form of an [[Rub el Hizb|octogram]]. This new style of seal was common in the [[Ottoman Empire]].  Afghanistan became a kingdom in 1926.
|-
|-
|1921-1928
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (1921-1928).svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Emirate/[[monarchy|Kingdom]] of Afghanistan
|Second flag flown under the rule of [[Amanullah Khan|Amanullah Khan/Shah]], with an oval surrounding the seal instead of a circle. Afghanistan became a kingdom in 1926.
|-
|1928
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1928.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Kingdom of Afghanistan
|Third flag flown under the rule of [[Amanullah Khan|Amanullah Shah]].  He replaced the octogram with a wreath and slightly modified the [[Emblem of Afghanistan|national seal]].
|-
|1928-1929
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1928-1929.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Kingdom of Afghanistan
|Fourth flag flown under the rule of [[Amanullah Khan|Amanullah Shah]].  The black, red, and green [[tricolour|tricolor]], respectively representing the past (previous flags), the bloodshed for independence ([[Third Anglo-Afghan War]]), and hope for the future, was probably influenced by Khan’s visit abroad to [[Europe]] in 1927.  The new seal shows the sun rising over two snow-capped mountains, representing a new beginning for the [[monarchy|kingdom]].
|-
|1929
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1929.svg|108px|border]]
|2:3
|Kingdom of Afghanistan
|Flag flown under the rule of Habibullah Kalakani or Habibullah Khan, formerly known as [[Bacha-i-Saqao]].  The red, black, and white [[tricolour|tricolor]] was the same flag that was used when modern-day Afghanistan was under [[Mongols|Mongol]] occupation in the 13th century.
|-
|1929-1930
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1929 to 1930.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Kingdom of Afghanistan
|First flag flown under the rule of [[Mohammed Nadir Shah]]. The black, red, and green [[tricolour|tricolor]] was re-established; the octogram seal borrowed from the first flag of [[Amanullah Khan|Amanullah Shah]] replaced the sun and mountains seal.
|-
|1930-1973
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1930.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Kingdom of Afghanistan
|Second flag flown under the rule of [[Mohammed Nadir Shah]], it was also used by his son, [[Mohammed Zahir Shah]]. The black, red, and green [[tricolour|tricolor]] were retained. The octogram rays were removed, and the seal enlarged. In between the mosque and the seal is the year ١٣٤٨ (1348 of the lunar [[Islamic calendar]], or 1929 AD of the [[Gregorian calendar]]) the year Mohammed Nadir Shah’s [[dynasty]] began.
|-
|1973-1974
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1973.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|[[Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan|Republic of Afghanistan]]
|First flag flown for the Republic of Afghanistan. It is identical to the previous flag, except that the year ١٣٤٨ was removed.
|-
|1974-1978
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1974.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|Republic of Afghanistan
|Second flag flown for the Republic of Afghanistan. The same colors were used, but the meanings reinterpreted: black for the obscure past, red for blood shed for independence, and green for prosperity from agriculture. In the [[canton (flag)|canton]] is a new seal, with an eagle with spread wings, a pulpit on the eagle’s chest (for a mosque), wheat surrounding the eagle, and the sun’s rays above the eagle (for the new republic).
|-
|1978
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (1978).svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|[[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]
|When the leader of the republic was killed in a coup, the new regime established a [[communism|communist]] government. The same flag design was kept, but no seal.
|-
|1978-1979
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1978 to 1979.svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
| This flag used a red field with a yellow seal in the canton, a common design for communist regimes. The wreath of wheat remained, but a star was added at top (representing the five ethnic groups of the nation) and the word '[[Khalq]]' in [[Arabic]] script (meaning people) in the center. The flag was also the flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan's Khalq faction under President Nur Muhammad Taraki until his murder in September 1979.
|-
|1979
|[[File:Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
| This flag was used between September to December 1979 during the short rule of Hafizullah Amin. It featured a cogwheel representing industry and an ear of wheat to represent agriculture. It was the original flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. Despite being a party flag, it eventually became the flag of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan itself. However this was brief, lasting only four months until the Soviet invasion in December.
|-
|1979-1987
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1980.svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
|After the overthrow of the Khalq faction by the [[Parcham]] faction (lead by [[Babrak Karmal]]), the flag was changed again. The overthrow occurred in December 1979. The new leadership re-established the black, red, and green [[tricolour|tricolor]], representing the past, blood shed for independence, and the [[Islam|Islamic faith]], respectively. A new seal was designed, with a rising sun (a reference to the former name, ''[[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]]'', meaning "Land of the Rising Sun"), a pulpit and the [[Qur'an]] for Islam, ribbons with the national colors, a cogwheel for industry, and a red star for communism.
|-
|1987-1992
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1987.png|border|108px]]
|1:2
|[[Republic]] of Afghanistan
|Same as the previous flag, except that in the national seal, the cogwheel is moved from the top to the bottom, the red star and the book are removed, and the green field curved to resemble the horizon.
|-
|1992
|[[File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_1992_(variant).png|border|108px]]
|1:2
|Republic of Afghanistan
|This flag was used as a provisional flag after the fall of the pro-Soviet regime. It appeared in many variants of which one is shown here.  In the upper stripe is [[Arabic]] ''Allahu Akbar'', (“God is great”); the center stripe contains the [[Shahadah]].
|-
|1992-1996
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (1992-1996; 2001).svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|[[Islamic State of Afghanistan]]
| The black and green stripes are switched from the previous flag. Also, the [[Shahadah]] is written with in a logo.this flag for the first time since 1928 replaced the red color of nationalism and tribalism with the three colors of Green, white and black which were raised by the Muslims in the past. The Three colors of green white and black can be seen on majority of Muslim countries flags. At the bottom part of the logo it was written "دا افغانستان اسلامی دولت" The Islamic State of Afghanistan. 
|-
|1996-1997
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan 1996-1997.svg|108px|border]]
|2:3
|[[Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan]]
|A plain white flag was flown by the Taliban.
|-
|1997-2001
|[[File:Flag of Taliban.svg|108px|border]]
|2:3
|Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
|In 1997 the [[Taliban]] added the [[Shahadah]] on the flag.
|-
|2001-2002
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (1992-1996; 2001).svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|[[Islamic State]] of Afghanistan
|The 1992 Flag was re-adopted after the Taliban regime was deposed. 
|-
|2002-2004
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan (2002-2004).svg|border|108px]]
|1:2
|[[Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan]]
|This flag consists of three vertical stripes of the colors black, red, and green. This has been present on most flags of Afghanistan in the last twenty years. The center emblem is the classical emblem of Afghanistan with a mosque with its mihrab facing Mecca. This flag is similar to the one flown in Afghanistan during the monarchy between 1930 and 1973. The difference is the addition of the shahadah at the top of the coat-of-arms (seen in white) in the center. It now shows the year ١۲۹٨ (1298), the [[solar Islamic calendar]] equivalent of 1919 AD of the [[Gregorian Calendar]], the year of independence from [[Great Britain]]. There was an unofficial variation with a gold emblem.
|-
|2004-Present
|[[File:Flag of Afghanistan.svg|border|108px]]
|2:3
|[[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]
|Similar to the previous flag, but a different ratio. "دا افغانستان اسلامی دولت" ''The Islamic State of Afghanistan'' has been replaced with simply "افغانستان" ''Afghanistan''. 
|}

==See also==
*[[Emblem of Afghanistan]]

==External links==
*{{FOTW|id=af|title=Afghanistan}}
*[http://www.afghantribes.com/flags Afghantribes: Afghan National Flags Timeline]
*[http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/unicode/v10f1/v10f103b.html Encyclopedia Iranica: FLAGS OF AFGHANISTAN]
*[http://www.vexilla-mundi.com/afghanistan_flag.html Flag of Afghanistan]
*[http://www.afghandesk.com/gallery/afghan_flags.html Flags of Afghanistan]