Difference between revisions 10163057 and 10178968 on viwiki

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Phaeolus schweinitzii''
| image = Phaeolus schweinitzii 02.jpg
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Fungi]]
| phylum = [[Basidiomycota]]
| classis = [[Basidiomycetes]]
| subclassis = [[Agaricomycetidae]]
| ordo = [[Polyporales]]
| familia = [[Polyporaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Phaeolus]]''
| species = '''''P. schweinitzii'''''
| binomial = ''Phaeolus schweinitzii''
| binomial_authority = (Fr.) Pat., (1900)
'' '' <small></small>}}

'''''Phaeolus schweinitzii''''', thường được biết đến với tên '''velvet-top fungus''', '''dyer's polypore''', or '''dyer's mazegill''', là một [[fungus|fungal]] [[plant pathogen]] that causes [[butt rot]] on [[conifer]]s such as [[Pseudotsuga|Douglas-fir]], [[Picea|spruce]], [[Abies|fir]], [[Tsuga|hemlock]], [[Pinus|pine]], and [[Larix|larch]].<ref name=fidl/>  ''P. schweinitzii'' is a [[polypore]], although unlike [[bracket fungi]] the [[Basidiocarp|fruiting body]] may appear terrestrial when growing from the roots or base of the host tree.  The fruiting bodies, appearing in late summer or fall, commonly incorporate blades of grass, twigs, or fallen pine needles as they grow.  As these fruiting bodies age, the pore surface turns from yellow to greenish yellow, the top becomes darker, and the flesh becomes harder and more wood-like.<ref name=volk/>

''P. schweinitzii'' is native to [[North America]] and [[Eurasia]]<ref name=fidl>{{chú thích tạp chí| title=Schweinitzii Root and Butt Rot
of Western Conifers| first=Susan K. | last=Hagle| first2=Gregory M.| last2=Filip| journal=Forest Insect & Disease Leaflet |issue=177 | month=March |year=2010 |publisher=USDA Forest Service | url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/nr/fid/fidls/fidl-177.pdf| format=pdf}}</ref>, and has been identified as an exotic species in [[New Zealand]], [[Australia]], and [[South Africa]].<ref name=scion>{{chú thích tạp chí| title=Exotic Wood Decay Fungus on Pine |journal=Forest Health News| issue=126 |month=February |year=2003 |publisher=Scion |url=http://www.nzffa.org.nz/images/design/diseases/Phaeolus-schweinitzii/Phaeolus-schweinitziiFHnews126.html}}</ref>

As its common name suggests, the dyer's polypore is an excellent natural source of green, yellow, gold, or brown [[natural dye|dye]], depending on the material dyed and the [[mordant]] used.<ref name=volk>{{chú thích web| url=http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/nov2007.html |title=''Phaeolus schweinitzii'', the dye polypore or velvet-top fungus |first=Tom |last=Volk | first2=Debby| last2=Hanmer| work=Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month |month=November |year=2007 |accessdate=2011-01-14}}</ref><ref>{{chú thích web | url=http://mushroom-collecting.com/mushroomdyeing.html | publisher=Mushroom-Collecting.com | title=Dyeing with Mushrooms | accessdate=2009-10-26}}</ref>

''P. schweinitzii'' is named after [[Lewis David de Schweinitz]], a [[Pennsylvania]]-born [[Moravian Church|Moravian]] minister and important early [[United States|American]] [[mycology|mycologist]].

== Liên kết ngoài ==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp Index Fungorum]
* [http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases USDA ARS Fungal Database]

== Chú thích ==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phaeolus Schweinitzii}}
[[Thể loại:Polyporaceae]]
[[Thể loại:Natural dyes]]
[[Thể loại:Nấm châu Âu]]


{{Polyporales-stub}}
{{plant-disease-stub}}

[[en:Phaeolus schweinitzii]]
[[it:Phaeolus schweinitzii]]
[[nl:Dennenvoetzwam]]⏎
[[ja:カイメンタケ]]
[[pms:Phaeolus schweinitzii]]
[[pl:Murszak rdzawy]]
[[ru:Феолус Швейница]]
[[sv:Grovticka]]
[[zh:栗褐暗孔菌]]