Revision 7342632 of "Amanita citrina" on viwiki

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{{Taxobox
| image = False death cap (Amanita citrina).JPG
| image_width = 235px
| name = False death cap
| regnum = [[Nấm|Fungi]]
| divisio = [[Basidiomycota]]
| classis = [[Agaricomycetes]]
| subclassis = [[Agaricomycetidae]]
| ordo = [[Agaricales]]
| familia = [[Amanitaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Amanita]]''
| species = '''''A. citrina'''''
| binomial = ''Amanita citrina''
| binomial_authority = ([[Jacob Christian Schäffer|Schaeff.]]) [[Christian Hendrik Persoon|Pers.]], 1797
}}
{{mycomorphbox
| name = Amanita citrina
| whichGills = free
| capShape = flat
| hymeniumType= gills
| stipeCharacter= ring and volva
| ecologicalType=mycorrhizal
| sporePrintColor=white
| howEdible=unpalatable
}}
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Known as the '''false death cap''', or '''Citron Amanita''', '''''Amanita citrina''''' (previously also known as ''Amanita mappa''), is a [[Basidiomycota|basidiomycotic]] [[mushroom]], one of many in the genus ''[[Amanita]]''. It grows in silicate soil in the summer and autumn months. It bears a pale yellow or sometimes white cap, with white stem, ring and volva. Though it is not highly poisonous, its similarity to the lethal death cap (''[[Amanita phalloides]]'') precludes its use in cooking.

== Miêu tả ==
[[Tập tin:Amanita.citrina2.-.lindsey.jpg|thumb|left|Closer view of gills and ring of an Amanita citrina from Commanster, Belgium.]]
This mushroom has a fleshy pale yellow, or sometimes white, [[Pileus (mycology)|cap]] from 4–10&nbsp;cm (1.5–4&nbsp;in) across, covered in irregular patches. The [[gill]]s and flesh are white. There is a large [[Volva (mycology)|volva]] at the base of the 6–8&nbsp;cm (2.5–3&nbsp;in) tall stem, which has a clear ring. This mushroom is not eaten, having a smell of [[rapeseed]] or [[potato]]. It is often confused with the  related death cap mushroom ''([[Amanita phalloides]])'', hence the name.<ref name = "Ultimatemush">{{cite book | author = P. Jordan & S. Wheeler | year = 2001 | title = The Ultimate Mushroom Book | publisher = Hermes House | ISBN = }}</ref>

== Phân bố và môi trường sống ==
The false death cap được tìm thấy ở  [[deciduous]] and [[coniferous]] woodlands in Autumn in [[châu Âu]].<ref name = "Ultimatemush"/> Nó cũng được tìm thấy ở [[North American]] cây sồi and pine forests.

== Toxicity ==
Scientific tests in the [[University of Cambridge]] have shown that this mushroom contains the [[alpha-amanitin]] toxin. However, the amounts of this toxin were found to be very small and would not cause any adverse effects unless the mushroom was ingested in very large amounts.  The biggest danger with this species is its marked similarity to the death cap, which is reason enough to avoid it, even though it is edible.

== Thư viện ảnh ==
<gallery>
File:Amanita citrina3.jpg|A closer view of an emergent specimen.
File:Amanita.citrina.-.lindsey.jpg|Amanita citrina from Commanster, Belgium.
File:Amanita citrina 1.jpg| Amanita citrina at the 12-th countrywide mushroom exhibition 2008, Žofín, Praha, Czech Republic.
File:Amanita citrina 2010 G1.jpg|''A. citrina'' in [[Ukraina]] (Co-ordinates:{{Location|49|19|20.03|N|28|33|29.20|E}}).
</gallery>

== Xem thêm ==
{{Portal|Fungi}}
* [[List of Amanita species|List of ''Amanita'' species]]

== Tham khảo ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Amanita citrina}}
== Liên kết ngoài ==
* [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_citrina.html Amanita citrina] on Mushroomexpert.com
{{Italic title}}
{{Amanitas}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Amanita Citrina}}
[[Thể loại:Amanita|citrina]]


{{Agaricales-stub}}

[[ca:Cogoma groga]]
[[cs:Muchomůrka citrónová]]
[[de:Gelber Knollenblätterpilz]]
[[en:Amanita citrina]]
[[es:Amanita citrina]]
[[fr:Amanite citrine]]
[[hr:Žućkasta pupavka]]
[[it:Amanita citrina]]
[[csb:Żôłti sromòtnik]]
[[lv:Bālā mušmire]]
[[lt:Gelsvoji musmirė]]
[[nl:Gele knolamaniet]]
[[pms:Amanita citrina]]
[[pl:Muchomor cytrynowy]]
[[ru:Мухомор поганковидный]]
[[sl:Citronasta mušnica]]
[[sh:Žućkasta pupavka]]
[[fi:Keltakärpässieni]]
[[sv:Vitgul flugsvamp]]
[[uk:Мухомор цитриновий]]