Difference between revisions 112480339 and 112480340 on dewiki

{{FixHTML|beg}}
{{Infobox Military Conflict
|image=[[Image:Greekfire-madridskylitzes1.jpg|center|300px]]
|caption=[[Greek fire]], first used by the [[Byzantine Navy]] during the Byzantine-Arab Wars.
|conflict=Byzantine-Arab Wars
|partof=the [[Muslim conquests]]
|date=629-1180
|place= Levant, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, Anatolia, Crete, Sicily, Southern Italy
(contracted; show full)ne civil wars had weakened the Empire's position in the east, and the gains of [[Nikephoros II Phokas]] and [[John I Tzimiskes]] came close to being lost, with [[Aleppo]] besieged and Antioch under threat. Basil won several battles in [[Syria]], relieving Aleppo, taking over the [[Orontes]] valley, and raiding further south. Although he did not have the force to drive into Palestine and reclaim [[Jerusalem]], his victories did restore much of [[Syria]] to the empire{{ndash}} including the larger city 
of Antioch which was the seat of the [[Patriarch of Antioch]].<ref name="Read">Piers Paul Read, ''The Templars''|its eponymous Patriarch]].<ref name="Read">Read (1999), 65-66</ref> No emperor since [[Heraclius]] had been able to hold these lands for any length of time, and the Empire would retain them for the next 75 years. [[Piers Paul Read]] writes that by 1025, Byzantine land "stretched from the [[Straits of Messina]] and the northern Adriatic in the west to the [[River Danube]] and [[Crimea]] in the north, and to the cities of Melitine and [[Edessa, Mesopotamia|Edessa]] beyond the [[Euphrates]] in the east."<ref name="Read"/>

(contracted; show full)[[Category:Battles involving the Umayyad Caliphate]]

[[ar:حروب العرب والبيزنطيين]]
[[cs:Byzantsko-arabské války]]
[[fr:Guerres entre Arabes et Empire byzantin]]
[[it:Guerre arabo-bizantine (780-1180)]]
[[nl:Byzantijns-Arabische oorlogen]]
[[ru:Арабо-византийские войны]]