Difference between revisions 112480942 and 112480945 on dewiki

{{Infobox military conflict
|image=[[Image:Greekfire-madridskylitzes1.jpg|center|300px]]
|caption=[[Greek fire]], first used by the [[Byzantine Navy]] during the Byzantine-Arab Wars.
|conflict=Byzantine-Arab Wars
|partof=the [[Muslim conquests]]
|date=634–1057
|place= Levant, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, Anatolia, Crete, Sicily, Southern Italy
|result= Overall Arab gains, despite [[Byzantine-Arab Wars (780–1180)|Byzantine resurgence]]
(contracted; show full)

During the first centuries, the Byzantines were usually in the defensive, and avoided open field battles, preferring to retreat to their fortified strongholds. Only after 740 did they begin to launch counterstrikes of their own, but still the [[Abbasid 
CaliphatEmpire]] was able to retaliate by often massive and destructive invasions of Asia Minor. With the decline and fragmentation of the Abbasid state after 861 and the concurrent strengthening of the Byzantine Empire under the [[Macedonian dynasty]], the tide gradually turned. Over a period of fifty years from ca. 920 to 976, the Byzantines finally broke through the Muslim defences and restored their control over northern Syria and Greater Armenia. The last century of the Byzantine-Arab wars was dominated by frontier(contracted; show full)[[ms:Perang Arab-Byzantine]]
[[nl:Byzantijns-Arabische oorlogen]]
[[ja:アラブ・東ローマ戦争]]
[[pt:Guerras bizantino-árabes]]
[[ro:Războaiele bizantino-arabe]]
[[ru:Арабо-византийские войны]]
[[fi:Bysantin–arabien sodat]]
[[th:สงครามไบแซนไทน์-อาหรับ]]