Difference between revisions 112480945 and 112480947 on dewiki

{{Infobox military conflict
|image=[[Image:Greekfire-madridskylitzes1.jpg|center|300px]]
|caption=[[Greek fire]], first used by the [[Byzantine Navy]] during the Byzantine-Arab Wars.
|conflict=Byzantine-Arab Wars
|partof=the [[Muslim conquests]]
|date=634–1057
|place= Levant, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, Anatolia, Crete, Sicily, Southern Italy
|result= Overall Arab gains, despite [[Byzantine-Arab Wars (780–1180)|Byzantine resurgence]]
(contracted; show full)

Nevertheless, the Umayyads still considered the complete subjugation of Byzantium as its ultimate objective. Their thinking was dominated by Islamic teaching, which placed the infidel Byzantines firmly in the ''[[Dar al-Harb|Dār al-Ḥarb]]'', the "House of War", which, in the words of Islamic scholar [[Hugh N. Kennedy]], "the Muslims should attack whenever possible; rather than peace inter
rupted by occasional conflict, the normal pattern was seen to be conflict interrupted by occasional, temporary truce (''hudna''). True peace (''ṣulḥ'') could only come when the enemy accepted Islam or tributary status."<ref name="Kennedy2004-120">Kennedy (2004) p. 120</ref> Both as governor of Syria and later as caliph, [[Muawiyah I]] (r. 661–680) was the driving force of the Muslim effort against Byzantium, especially by his creation of a fl(contracted; show full)[[ms:Perang Arab-Byzantine]]
[[nl:Byzantijns-Arabische oorlogen]]
[[ja:アラブ・東ローマ戦争]]
[[pt:Guerras bizantino-árabes]]
[[ro:Războaiele bizantino-arabe]]
[[ru:Арабо-византийские войны]]
[[fi:Bysantin–arabien sodat]]
[[th:สงครามไบแซนไทน์-อาหรับ]]