Difference between revisions 1952728 and 1967654 on enwikiversity

[[Image:Ice cap.jpg|thumb|right|250px|This is an aerial image of the ice cap on Ellesmere Island, Canada. Credit: National Snow and Ice Data Center.]]
'''Earth''' is a rocky astronomical object, a liquid object, a gaseous object, and a plasma object.
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==Astronomy==
{{main|Keynote lectures/Astronomy}}
[[Image:Greenland 42.74746W 71.57394N.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Satellite composite image shows the ice sheet of Greenland. Credit: NASA.]]
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* [[w:Stratosphere|Stratosphere]] — Troposphere to 50 km
* [[w:Mesosphere|Mesosphere]] — Stratosphere to 85 km
* [[w:Thermosphere|Thermosphere]] — Mesosphere to 675 km
* [[w:Exosphere|Exosphere]] — Thermosphere to 10,000 km, after [[w:Altitude#Altitude regions|altitude regions]].
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==Ionospheres==
{{main|Atmospheres/
Astronomy/Ionospheres/Astronomy|Ionospheres}}
[[Image:Ionosphere-Thermosphere Processes.jpg|thumb|right|250px|In this diagram, the prominent features in the ionosphere-thermosphere system and their coupling to the different energy inputs show the complex temporal and spatial phenomena that are generated. Credit: NASA.]]
Upon reaching the top of the [[w:Mesosphere|mesosphere]], the temperature starts to rise, but air pressure continues to fall. This is the beginning of the [[w:ionosphere|ionosphere]], a region dominated by chemical ions. Many of them are the same chemicals such as [[w:nitrogen|nitrogen]] and [[w:oxygen|oxygen]] in the atmosphere below, but an ever increasing number are hydrogen ions ([[w:proton|proton]]s) and helium ions. These can be detected by an ion spectrometer. The process of [[w:ionization|ionization]] removes one or more [[w:electron|electron]]s from a neutral atom to yield a variety of ions depending on the chemical element species and incidence of sufficient energy to remove the electrons.
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==Exospheres==
{{main|Atmospheres/Astronomy/Exospheres/Astronomy|Exospheres}}
Into the exosphere or outer space, temperature rises from around 1,500°C to upwards of 100,000 K.

==Sun==
{{main|Stars/Sun|Sun (star)}}
[[Image:Sun rise in Kodachadri.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The image shows a sunrise in Kodachadri. Credit: [[commons:User:Chinmayahd|Chinmayahd]].]]
[[Image:Orange Sun in Boracay, Philippines.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The image shows an orange sun in Boracay, Philippines. Credit: [[commons:User:Sarahr|Sarahr]].]]
(contracted; show full)lled in more of the eastern coastline. Urban areas are visible in the northern and western portions of the island; they are recognizable by linear street patterns and the presence of bright building rooftops. The silver-grey appearance of the Caribbean Sea surface is due to sun-glint, which is the mirror-like reflection of sunlight off the water surface back towards the hand-held camera on-board the ISS. The sun-glint highlights surface wave patterns around the island.
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==Craters==
{{main|Craters
/Astronomy by radiation|Crater astronomy}}
[[Image:Barringer Crater aerial photo by USGS.jpg|thumb|left|250px|This is an aerial view of the Barringer Meteor Crater about 69 km east of Flagstaff, Arizona. Credit:D. Roddy, U.S. Geological Survey.]]
[[Image:Yucatan chix crater.jpg|thumb|right|120px|The Chicxulub impact crater is outlined. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech, modified by [[w:User:David Fuchs|David Fuchs]].]]
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"The shale is an ideal target and provides the electrical contrast that allows us to clearly image the geometry and internal structure of the crater," Bedrosian said.<ref name=Koontz/>
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==Tides==
{{main|Tidal astronomy|
Tides/Astronomy/Tides}}
[[Image:Birds gathering on shoreline at low tide, Sandwich Bay - geograph.org.uk - 1002204.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Here at low tide in Sandwich Bay birds are gathering. Credit: Nick Smith.]]
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==External links==

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[[Category:Astronomical objects/Lectures]]⏎
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[[Category:Planetary sciences/Lectures]]
[[Category:Resources last modified in November 2018]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects/Lecturesadiation astronomy/Lectures]]
[[Category:Resources last modified in January 2019]]