Difference between revisions 1969722 and 2235895 on enwikiversity

[[Image:Detectors summary 3.png|thumb|right|250px|This tree diagram shows the relationship between types and classification of most common particle detectors. Credit: [[commons:User:Wdcf|Wdcf]].]]
'''Radiation detectors''' provide a signal that is converted to an electric current. The device is designed so that the current provided is proportional to the characteristics of the incident radiation.

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==Earth==
{{main|Earth}}
An ''earth sensor'' is a device that senses the direction to the Earth. It is usually an infrared camera; now the main method to detect attitude is the star tracker, but earth sensors are still integrated in satellites for their low cost and reliability.

==Stars==
{{main|Stars}}
A ''star tracker'' is an optical device that measures the position(s) of [[w:star|star]](s) using [[w:photocell|photocell]](s) or a camera.<ref>{{cite book
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|title=Star Camera⏎
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|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110721054014/http://nmp.nasa.gov/st6/TECHNOLOGY/star_camera.html⏎
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|publisher=NASA⏎
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|accessdate=25 May 2012⏎
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|date=May 2004⏎
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Star trackers, which require high sensitivity, may become confused by sunlight reflected from the spacecraft, or by exhaust gas plumes from the spacecraft thrusters (either sunlight reflection or contamination of the star tracker window). Star trackers are also susceptible to a variety of errors (low spatial frequency, high spatial frequency, temporal, ...) in addition to a variety of optical sources of error ([[w:spherical aberration|spherical aberration]], [[w:chromatic aberration|chromati(contracted; show full)
 | isbn = 978-1-4244-3961-4 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.quantumdetectors.com/products/isis-neutron-beam-monitor Example crystal scintillator based neutron monitor.]</ref> plastics, glass<ref>{{Cite journal
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| author = Bollinger L.M., Thomas, G.E.; Ginther, R.J.  ⏎
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| title = Neutron Detection With Glass Scintillators  ⏎
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| journal = Nuclear Instruments and Methods  ⏎
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| volume = 17  ⏎
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| pages = 97–116  ⏎
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| year = 1962  ⏎
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}}</ref> and scintillation fibers.<ref>{{Cite journal  ⏎
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| author = Miyanaga N., Ohba, N.; Fujimoto, K.  ⏎
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| title = Fiber scintillator/streak camera detector for burn history measurement in inertial confinement fusion experiment  ⏎
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| journal = Review of Scientific Instruments  ⏎
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| volume = 68  ⏎
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| issue = 1  ⏎
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| pages = 621–623  ⏎
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| year = 1997  ⏎
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| doi = 10.1063/1.1147667  ⏎
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|bibcode = 1997RScI...68..621M  ⏎
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}}</ref>

==Semiconductor detectors==
{{main|Radiation astronomy/Detectors/Semiconductors|Semiconductor detectors}}
A '''semiconductor detector''' is a device that uses a semiconductor (usually [[w:silicon|silicon]] or [[w:germanium|germanium]]) to detect traversing charged particles or the absorption of photons. In the field of particle physics, these detectors are usually known as ''silicon detectors.'' When their sensitive structures are based on a (contracted; show full){{tlx|Radiation astronomy resources}}{{Principles of radiation astronomy}}{{Sisterlinks|Radiation detectors}}

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