Difference between revisions 2235895 and 2235906 on enwikiversity

[[Image:Detectors summary 3.png|thumb|right|250px|This tree diagram shows the relationship between types and classification of most common particle detectors. Credit: [[commons:User:Wdcf|Wdcf]].]]
'''Radiation detectors''' provide a signal that is converted to an electric current. The device is designed so that the current provided is proportional to the characteristics of the incident radiation.

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The dispersed ultraviolet light [from the [[w:Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer|FUSE]] telescope] is detected by two [[w:microchannel plate detector|microchannel plate]] intensified double delay-line detectors, whose surfaces are curved to match the curvature of the focal plane.<ref name="Sahnow">{{cite book
|url=http://fuse.pha.jhu.edu/papers/technical/aas95/aas95.html
|title=The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Mission
|author=D.J. Sahnow
, ⏎
|display-authors=et  al.
|date=1995-07-03
|accessdate=2007-09-07  ⏎
⏎
}}</ref>

Two mirror segments are coated with silicon carbide for reflectivity at the shortest ultraviolet wavelengths, and two mirror segments are coated with lithium fluoride over aluminum that reflects better at longer wavelengths." Each segment such as with silicon carbide has a dedicated microchannel plate. The other microchannel plates are for the lithium fluoride mirror system.

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<math> \cos \theta_c = c/nv, </math>

where <math>c</math> is the speed of light.

The [[w:LHCb|LHCb]] experiment on the Large Hadron Collider uses two RICH detectors for differentiating between pions and kaons.<ref name="Alves">{{cite journal
|author=A.Augusto Alves Jr.
  ⏎
|display-authors=et  al
|title=The LHCb Detector at the LHC
|journal=JINST 3 S08005
|year=2008 }}</ref> The first (RICH-1) is located immediately after the Vertex Locator (VELO) around the interaction point and is optimised for low-momentum particles and the second (RICH-2) is located after the magnet and particle-tracker layers and optimised for higher-momentum particles.<ref name="Adinolfi">{{cite journal
|author=M.Adinolfi  ⏎
|display-authors=et  al
|title=Performance of the LHCb RICH detector at the LHC
|journal=http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1211.6759
|year=2012 }}</ref>

The [[w:Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer|Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer]] device AMS-02, recently mounted on the [[w:International Space Station|International Space Station]] uses a RICH detector in combination with other devices to analyze cosmic rays.
{{clear}}

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 |accessdate= 2011-06-16 }}</ref>

===Under ice===
{{main|Distances/Depths/Under ices|Under-ice depths}}
IceCube [under the ice at the [[w:Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station|Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station]] in [[w:Antarctica|Antarctica]] ] contains thousands of spherical optical sensors called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each with a [[w:photomultiplier tube|photomultiplier tube]] (PMT)<ref name="Abbasi">{{cite journal
 |author=R. Abbasi
 ''et al.'' (IceCube Collaboration)
 |display-authors=etal⏎
 |year=2010
 |title=Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube
 |journal = Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
 | volume = 618| pages= 139–152
 | doi = 10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102
 |arxiv=1002.2442
 |bibcode=2010NIMPA.618..139A }}</ref>
and a single board data acquisition computer which sends digital data to the counting house on the surface above the array.<ref name="Abbasi09">{{cite journal
 |author=R. Abbasi ''et al.'' (IceCube Collaboration)
 |display-authors=etal⏎
 |year=2009
 |title=The IceCube Data Acquisition System: Signal Capture, Digitization, and Timestamping
 |journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
 |volume=601 |pages=294–316
 |doi=10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001
 |bibcode = 2009NIMPA.601..294T
 |arxiv=0810.4930 }}</ref>

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