Difference between revisions 984451 and 984479 on enwikiversity

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Astronomy is performed by location and is subject to local conditions. The shapes and sizes of observatories have changed over time, as have their altitude. The motivations for putting an observatory manned or unmanned at different altitudes has led to a great variety in '''lofting technology'''.
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“Skylab included an Apollo Telescope Mount (a multi-spectral solar observatory) ... Numerous scientific experiments were conducted aboard Skylab during its operational life, and crews were able to confirm the existence of coronal holes in the Sun. The Earth Resources Experiment Package (EREP), was used to view the Earth with sensors that recorded data in the visible, infrared, and microwave spectral regions.”, per Wikipedia article [[w:Skylab|Skylab]].
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==Exploratory rocketry==
[[Image:
ISEE3-ICE-trajectory.gif|thumb|left|200px|ISEE-3 is inserted into a "halo" orbit on June 10, 1982. Credit: NASA.]]72410main ACD97-0036-2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This diagram shows each of Pioneer 10's systems. Credit: NASA.]]
[[Image:Launch of Pioneer 10-2.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The launch of Pioneer 10 aboard an [[w:Atlas-Centaur|Atlas/Centaur]] vehicle. Credit: NASA Ames Resarch Center (NASA-ARC).]]
[[Image:Pioneer 10 mission jupiter.svg.png|thumb|right|200px|This diagram shows the interplanetary trajectory for Pioneer 10. Credit: NASA.]]
[[Image:ISEE3-ICE-trajectory.gif|thumb|left|200px|ISEE-3 is inserted into a "halo" orbit on June 10, 1982. Credit: NASA.]]
"'''''Pioneer 10''''' is a 258-kilogram [[w:Robotic spacecraft|robotic]] [[w:space probe|space probe]] that completed the first mission to the planet [[Jupiter]]<ref name=Fimmel>{{ cite book |title=SP-349/396 PIONEER ODYSSEY |last=Fimmel |first=R. O. |coauthors=W. Swindell, and E. Burgess |year=1974 |publisher=NASA-Ames Research Center |isbn=SP-349 |url=http://history.nasa.gov/SP-349/ch8.htm |accessdate=2011-01-09}}</ref> and became the first spacecraft to achieve [[w:escape velocity|escape velocity]] from the [[w:Solar System|Solar System]]."<ref name=Pioneer10>{{ cite journal
|title=Pioneer 10
|journal=Wikipedia
|publisher=Wikimedia Foundation, Inc
|location=San Francisco, California
|month=December 3,
|year=2012
|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_10
|pdf=
|accessdate=2012-12-05 }}</ref>

"Pioneer 10 was launched on March 2, 1972 by an [[w:Atlas-Centaur|Atlas-Centaur]] expendable vehicle from [[w:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 36|Cape Canaveral]], [[w:Florida|Florida]]. Between July 15, 1972, and February 15, 1973, it became the first spacecraft to traverse the [[w:Asteroid belt#Exploration|asteroid belt]]."<ref name=Pioneer10/>⏎

ISEE-3 was launched on August 12, 1978. It was inserted into a "halo" orbit about the libration point some 240 Earth radii upstream between the Earth and Sun. ISEE-3 was renamed ICE (International Cometary Explorer) when, after completing its original mission in 1982, it was gravitationally maneuvered to intercept the comet P/Giacobini-Zinner. On September 11, 1985, the veteran NASA spacecraft flew through the tail of the comet. The X-ray spectrometer aboard ISEE-3 was designed to study both solar flares and cosmic gamma-ray bursts over the energy range 5-228 keV.
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==See also==
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* [[Alignment telescope]]
* [[Astronomy]]
* [[Gamma-ray astronomy]]
* [[Light and optics]]
* [[Mathematical astronomy]]
* [[Orange astronomy]]
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[[Category:Resources last modified in October 2012]]

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