Difference between revisions 429089 and 589102 on scowiki

{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = {{raise|0.2em|Nanning}}
|official_name          = {{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|南宁市}} · Namzningz Si}}}}
|native_name            = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|南宁}}}} · Namzningz}}
|settlement_type        = [[Prefectur-level ceety]]<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|image_skyline          = nanning skyline 2008.JPG
|image_caption          = Nanning Skyline
(contracted; show full)

In 589 the Jinxing commandery wis dissolved, an the coonty wis renamed ''Xuanhua''. Unner the [[Tang dynasty]] (618–907) the prefectur o Yong (邕州''Yongzhou'') wis established th
eare; it wis garrisoned tae control the non-Cheenese destricts in [[Guangxi]] an on the [[Yunnan]]–[[Guizhou]] provincial border. In the mid-9t century the Tang an the Yunnan state o [[Kinrick o Nanzhao|Nanzhao]] foucht ower it, an efter 861 it wis briefly occupied bi Nanzhao. It remained a frontier prefectur throughout the [[Song dynasty]] (960–1279), bein the scene o a rebellion led bi [[Nong Zhigao]] in 1052 an thereafter a [[garrison]] toun.

In the [[Yuan Dynasty]] in 1324, it wis renamed Nanning Lu (an admeenistrative diveesion) o Yongzhou Lu meanin "Mey peace maintain in the soothren frontier", hence the name ''Nanning''. Historically, Nanning wis famous for trade, an haed permanent business offices frae ither auries in Cheenae syne the [[Song Dynasty]].

Unner the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] (1368–1644) an [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] (1644–1911) dynasties, it wis a superior prefectur. In the [[Ming Dynasty]] Nanning developed intae the commodity distributin centere o the Zuo River an the You River wi the reputation o "Little Nanjing".

Opened tae foreign trade bi the Cheenese in 1907, Nanning grew rapidly. Frae 1912 tae 1936 it wis the provincial caipital o Guangxi, replacin [[Guilin]].

Early in the 20t century the ceety spilled ower frae the auld walled ceety intae a soothren suburban aurie. In the 1930s Nanning acame the centre o a "model provincial govrenment" unner the warlaird [[Li Zongren]], an a spacious modren ceety wis laid oot. Durin the [[Seicont Sino-Japanese War]] (1937–45), Nanning wis temporarily occupied in 1940 bi the [[Japan]]ese. It subsequently acame an important [[Unitit States|U.S.]] [[air base]] supportin the Cheenese armies in Guangxi, but durin 1944–45 it wis again unner Japanese occupation.

In 1949 Nanning again acame the provincial caipital, first o Guangxi [[Province (Cheenae)|province]] an then (1958) o the renamed Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Till then Nanning haed essentially been a commercial centere dependent on [[Guangzhou]] an on the [[Xi River]] seestem. In the late 1930s a railwaey wis begun, jynin Hengyang in soothren [[Hunan]] province wi [[Guilin]], [[Liuzhou]], Nanning, an the [[Vietnam]] border, while anither wis begun frae Liuzhou tae [[Guiyang]] in [[Guizhou]]. The construction o the Nanning section o this line wis haltit in 1940 bi the Japanese advances, howeuiver, an wis nae completit till 1951, efter which Nanning wis directly linked wi [[central Cheenae]]; completion o a branch line tae the port o [[Zhanjiang]] (in [[Guangdong]]) in 1957 gae it a direct ootlet tae the sea. Durin the [[First Indocheenae War|French war in Indocheenae]] (1946–54), Nanning wis the chief support base in Cheenae for the Vietnamese forces, an durin the [[Vietnam War]] in the 1960s an early 1970s it again acame a stagin post for the sendin o supplies soothward tae [[North Vietnam]]. It wis alson aa an important militar supply centere durin the [[Sino-Vietnamese War|Sino-Vietnam confrontation]] in 1979.

Formerly an essentially commercial an admeenistrative centere, Nanning frae 1949 experienced industrial growth. The ceety is surroondit bi a fertile agricultural region producin subtropical fruits an [[sugccarcane]]; fuid processin, flour [[mill (grindin)|millin]], sugccar [[refinin]], meatpackin, an leather manufactur are important in the ceety. Nanning haes been a centere for printin an paper manufactur, an it is alson aa important in hivy industry.

Efter the recognition o the [[Zhuang fowk|Zhuang]] ethnic minority in 1958, Nanning acame the chief centere for the trainin o Zhuang leaders. [[Guangxi Varsity]], a lairge medical schuil, an a schuil o agricultur aw date frae the 1920s.

A [[cave]]rn at [[Yiling, Guangxi|Yiling]], {{convert|19|km|abbr=on}} tae the northwest, haes a 1,100 m passage through picturesque [[stalactites]]. In the 1970s colored lichts wur installed an the cavern wis developed as a tourist attraction.

Nanning serves as host for the annual Cheenae-[[ASEAN]] EXPO (CASEAN EXPO) which began in 2005 an wis the venue for the 2006 "Warld Robotics Olympiad".

==Geografie==
{{climate chart
| Nanning
| 10.0 | 16.9 |  35
| 11.5 | 18.0 |  43
| 15.0 | 21.5 |  59
| 19.6 | 26.6 |  97
| 22.8 | 30.4 | 186
| 24.9 | 32.1 | 207
| 25.4 | 32.9 | 219
| 25.2 | 32.7 | 205
| 23.6 | 31.6 | 128
| 20.2 | 28.4 |  66
| 15.3 | 24.1 |  40
| 11.3 | 20.2 |  25
|float=right
|clear=none
|source = CMA }}

Nanning is locatit in the soothren pairt o the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, {{convert|160|km|abbr=on}} frae the border wi [[Vietnam]]. It haes an admeenistrative aurie o {{convert|22293|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web
  | url=http://www.xzqh.org/QUHUA/45gx/01nanning.htm
  | title=Profile of Nanning
  | publisher=
  | date=
  | accessdate=11 June 2008
  | language= Chinese |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080610061220/http://www.xzqh.org/QUHUA/45gx/01nanning.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 10 June 2008}}</ref>

The ceety is locatit on the north bank o the [[Yong River]], the chief soothren tributary o the [[Xi River]], an lies some {{convert|30|km|abbr=on}} alaw the confluence o the Yu an the Zuo rivers. The Yong River (which later acomes the Yu River) affords a guid route tae [[Guangzhou]] an is navigable bi shallow-draft junks an motor launches, even though it is obstructit bi rapids an sandbanks.

Nanning is situatit in a hilly basin wi elevations atween {{convert|70|and|500|m|ft|abbr=on}} aboveuin sea-level. [[Qingxiu Muntain]] dominates the soothren pairt o toun.

===Climate===
Nanning haes a warm, [[monsoon]]-influenced [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), wi an annual mean temperature o {{convert|21.82|°C|1}}. Simmers are het and humid wi Julie, the hettest month, havin a 24-houoor average temperatur o {{convert|28.4|°C|1}}. Winters are mild an somewhat damp wi Januar, the cuilest month, averagin {{convert|12.9|°C|1}} in Januar. Frae Februar tae August, rain is maist frequent an [[relative humidity]] consistently averages aboveuin 80%; the annual rainfaw is {{convert|1310|mm|sigfig=3}}. The aurie is alson aa [[frost]]-free for aw but 3 or 4 days a year an snowfaw is virtually unheard o in the ceety. Extreme temperatures hae ranged frae {{convert|−2.1|to|40.4|°C|°F|0}}.<ref name = Mherrera/>

{{Weather box
|location = Nanning (normals 1971−2000, extremes 1961−2000)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|collapsed = Y
|Jan high C = 16.9
(contracted; show full)|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World
|accessdate= 2013-02-21
}}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

==Flora an fauna==
Nanning's warm climate gi
ves it a lairge amoont o [[biodiversity]]. Thare are mony species o ainimals an mair thannor 3,000 species o plants. The ceety flouer is the [[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis|Jaba flouer]], an evergreen shrub, an the ceety tree is the [[awmond tree]] which is regardit as the backbone tree uised for greenin an landscapin throughoot the ceety.

==Internaitional relations==
{{Main|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Cheenae}}

===Twin touns — sister ceeties===
Nanning is [[town twinnin|twinned]] wi:
*{{flagicon|Poland}} [[Grudziądz]], [[Poland]] (2011)
(contracted; show full){{Maist populous ceeties in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae}}
{{Metropolitan ceeties o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae}}
{{Provincial caipitals o Cheenae}}

[[Category:310s establishments]]
[[Category:Ceeties in Guangxi]]
[[Category:Prefectur-level diveesions o Guangxi]]
[[Category:Provincial caipitals in Cheenae]]