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[[File:Irrotational vortex.gif|thumb|The self-gravitational involution of a mass can be visualized as a series of concentric shells. The higher a shell, the lower its rotational frequency. If we sufficiently extend the series of concentric shells, then the outermost shell's rotational frequency will be zero, so that the shell will have the lowest (''i.e.'', zero) actual energy (nonzero‑frequency [[angular momentum]]) and the highest (''i.e.'', zero) potential energy (zero‑frequency angular momentum).]]
PThe negative [[potential energy]] is centripetal [[Momentum|linear momentum]], which exerts a hierarchizing effect and thus is [[w:Synergy|synergetic]]. Conversely, the positive actual energy (''E'' = [[w:Planck constant|''h'']][[w:frequency|''f'']]) is centrifugal [[angular momentum]].,<ref>Biedenharn, L. C.; Louck, J. D. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8HWQwdXqcXAC&q=%22The+Planck+quantum+of+action,+h,+has+precisely+the+dimensions+of+an+angular+momentum%22&dq=%22The+Planck+quantum+of+action,+h,+has+precisely+the+dimensions+of+an+angular+momentum%22&hl=en&ei=5gq1TZWtItL-4wa0r7DMDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1 Angular Momentum in Quantum Physics]. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., Advanced Book Program, 1981. "The Planck quantum of action, ''h'', has precisely the dimensions of an angular momentum, and, moreover, the Bohr quantization hypothesis specified the unit of (orbital) angular momentum to be ''ħ&nbsp;=&nbsp;h/2π''. Angular momentum theory and quantum physics are thus clearly linked."</ref>⏎
Conversely, negative [[potential energy]] is centripetal [[Momentum|linear momentum]].⏎
 which induces [[w:Quantum decoherence#Rotational decoherence|rotational decoherence]] and thus is asynergetic:
<blockquote>
Gravity is the inwardly cohering force acting integratively on all systems. Radiation is the outwardly disintegrating force acting divisively upon all systems.
:—Fuller, Buckminster. [http://www.rwgrayprojects.com/synergetics/s00/p0000.html Synergetics] Macmillan, 1975, §000.113
</blockquote>
When a system self-gravitationally condenses to a more negative potential energy and a more positive actual energy, the two energies interact, so that the negative potential energy becomes less [[wiktionary:Synergy|synergetic]], while the positive actual energy becomes more synergetic. That is why in the condensed system, the effective centrifugal positive energy is twice as high as the effective centripetal negative energy (the [[w:Virial theorem|virial theorem]]). But this higher effective centrifugal positive energy cannot expand the system, because the very fact that the system is condensed implies that a half of the centrifugal positive energy has been radiated away:
<blockquote>
In equilibrium systems where magnetic pressure and external pressure can be ignored, the virial theorem states that the gravitational potential energy, ''E''<sub>G</sub>, is equal to negative twice the kinetic energy, ''E''<sub>K</sub> (Problem 2.5). The kinetic energy of a gas cloud is primarily thermal energy, unless the cloud is highly turbulent or rapidly rotating. When |''E''<sub>G</sub>| > 2''E''<sub>K</sub>, the cloud may collapse under its own self-gravity. ...<br>
Collapse converts gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy of the collapsing material. If this energy is retained, either in ordered motion or random thermal motions, virial equilibrium may be achieved and the collapse ceases. However, if this energy is lost, for example via radiation, then the cloud becomes even more unstable. Once a gravitational collapse begins, densities increase, causing collapse to proceed faster.
:—Pater, Imke de; Lissauer, Jack J. [https://books.google.com/books?id=a_ijoTgDhnEC&pg=PA518 Planetary Sciences] CUP, 2010, p. 518
</blockquote>
All potential energy is gravitational; other types of potential energy are temporary masks of gravity.<ref>[[w:Frank Shu|Shu, Frank H.]] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=v_6PbAfapSAC&pg=PA157 The Physical Universe: An Introduction to Astronomy]. University Science Books, 1982, p. 157. "'''Concluding Philosophical Comment.'''<br>Zeldovich and Novikov have made the following intriguing philosophical point about the picture of the formation of a neutron s(contracted; show full)—<span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Terence_McKenna&oldid=2251202 Terence McKenna]]]

==References==
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[[Category:Basic physics ideas]]
[[Category:Cosmology]]
[[Category:Energy]]