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Minimum total potential energy principle
[[File:Irrotational vortex.gif|thumb|[[Potential energy]] is [[rest mass]].<ref name="RestMass"/> The self-gravitational involution of a rest mass can be visualized as a series of concentric shells. The higher a shell, the lower its rotational frequency. If we sufficiently extend the series of concentric shells, then the outermost shell's rotational frequency will be zero, so that the shell will have the lowest (''i.e.'', zero) actual energy (''E''&nbsp;=&nbsp;[[w:Planck constant|''h'']][[w:frequency|''f'']], which is nonzero&#8209;frequency [[angular momentum]]<ref>Biedenharn, L. C.; Louck, J. D. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8HWQwdXqcXAC&q=%22The+Planck+quantum+of+action,+h,+has+precisely+the+dimensions+of+an+angular+momentum%22&dq=%22The+Planck+quantum+of+action,+h,+has+precisely+the+dimensions+of+an+angular+momentum%22&hl=en&ei=5gq1TZWtItL-4wa0r7DMDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1 Angular Momentum in Quantum Physics]. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., Advanced Book Program, 1981. "The Planck quantum of action, ''h'', has precisely the dimensions of an angular momentum, and, moreover, the Bohr quantization hypothesis specified the unit of (orbital) angular momentum to be ''ħ&nbsp;=&nbsp;h/2π''. Angular momentum theory and quantum physics are thus clearly linked."</ref>) and the highest (''i.e.'', zero) potential energy (zero&#8209;frequency angular momentum).]]⏎
The '''minimum total potential energy principle''' dictates that the continuum's [[potential energy]] becomes ever more negative.<ref name = "PotEnIsNeg">[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/phase.html#c4 Why is the Potential Energy Negative?] ''HyperPhysics''</ref>

(contracted; show full)*[[Heat death of the universe]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Basic physics ideas]]
[[Category:Cosmology]]
[[Category:Energy]]