Difference between revisions 7231021 and 7294517 on simplewiki

[[File:Ethnolinguistic map of Turkey.jpg|thumb|Right|500px|Ethnic Groups of Turkey.]]
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(contracted; show full), referencing this in 2010, Turkish Foreign Minister [[Ahmet Davutoğlu]] said: "There are more Bosniaks living in Turkey than in Bosnia."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-313388-the-impact-of-bosnians-on-the-turkish-stateby-karol-kujawa-.html# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514101712/http://www.todayszaman.com/news-313388-the-impact-of-bosnians-on-the-turkish-stateby-karol-kujawa-.html# |archive-date=2014-05-14 |
dead-url=yes |df=url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== Bulgarians ====
{{Main article|Bulgarians in Turkey}}
{{Further information|Pomaks in Turkey}}
People identifying as [[Bulgarians|Bulgarian]] include a large number of the [[Pomaks|Pomak]] and a small number of Orthodox  Bulgarians.<ref>The Balkans, Minorities and States in Conflict (1993), Minority Rights Publication, by Hugh Poulton, p. 111.</ref><ref>Richard V. Weekes; Muslim peoples: a world ethnographic survey, Volume 1; 1984; [https://books.google.com/books?ei=i(contracted; show full)ally and culturally dissimilated.<ref name="hurriyet">{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/h.php?news=trial-sheds-light-on-shades-of-turkey-2008-06-10 |title=Trial sheds light on shades of Turkey |date=2008-06-10 |publisher=''Hurriyet Daily News and Economic Review'' |accessdate=2011-03-23 |archivedate=2011-03-23 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xPCtaAXt?url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/h.php?news=trial-sheds-light-on-shades-of-turkey-2008-06-10 |
deadurl=yes |df=url-status=dead }}</ref> According to ''[[Milliyet]]'' and ''[[Turkish Daily News]]'' reports, the number of Pomaks along with the Turkified Pomaks in the country is about 600,000.<ref name="hurriyet"/><ref name= "Milliyet-Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı">
(contracted; show full)
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> The 2008 figures released by the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)|Turkish Foreign Ministry]] places the current number of Turkish citizens of Greek descent at the 3,000–4,000 mark.<ref>{{cite news
 |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=161291 
 |accessdate=2008-12-15 
 |title=Foreign Ministry: 89,000 minorities live in Turkey 
 |date=2008-12-15 
 |work=[[Today's Zaman]] 
 |
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead 
 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501063653/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=161291 
 |archivedate=2010-05-01 
 |df= ⏎
}}</ref>
According to Milliyet there are 15,000 Greeks in Turkey,<ref name= "Milliyet-Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı"/> while according to [[Human Rights Watch]] the Greek population in Turkey was estimated at 2,500 in 2006.<ref name="HRW">Lois Whitman ''Denying Human Rights and Ethnic Identity: The Greeks of Turkey.'' Human Rights Watch, September 1, 1992 - 54 pages. Page 2 [https://books.google.com/books?id=SdubdhMwM1YC&printsec=frontcover&(contracted; show full)des in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the population movements from the Caucasus in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former [[Soviet Union]], particularly in Russia and Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.silk.european-heritage.net/mont_illustr/e_mont_il_01.html|title='The journey of Frédéric Dubois de Montpéreux in the Caucasus, to the Cherkhesians and Abkhazians, in Colchida, in Georgia, in Armenia and Crimea'|publisher=silk.european-heritage.net|
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060720150021/http://www.silk.european-heritage.net/mont_illustr/e_mont_il_01.html|archivedate=20 July 2006|df=dmy}}</ref>

==== Armenians ====
{{Main article|Armenians in Turkey}} 
{{Further information|Armenian Genocide}}
{{Further information|Hemshin peoples}}
{{Further information|Hidden Armenians}}
(contracted; show full)vis Orientalis Anatolicus Roe deer known as Capreolus Capreolus Armenus becomes Capreolus Cuprelus Capreolus.}}</ref> change of the names of Armenian historical figures (i.e. the name of the prominent [[Balyan family]] were concealed under an identity of a superficial Italian family called Baliani),<ref>{{cite news|title=Yiğidi öldürmek ama hakkını da vermek...|url=http://www.lraper.org/main.aspx?Action=DisplayNews&NewsCode=N000001527&Lang=TR|accessdate=16 January 2013|newspaper=Lraper|
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021094318/http://www.lraper.org/main.aspx?Action=DisplayNews&NewsCode=N000001527&Lang=TR|archivedate=21 October 2013|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Patrik II. Mesrob Hazretleri 6 Agustos 2006 Pazar|url=http://www.bolsohays.com/haberdetay-32339/patrik-ii-mesrob-hazretleri-6-agustos-2006-pazar-kumkapi-daki-surp-asdvadzadzin-meryem-ana-pat.html|accessdate=16 January 2013|newspaper=Bolsohays News|date=August 7, 2006|language=Turkish}}</ref> and the change and distortion of Armenian historical events.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hovannisian|first=ed. by Richard G.|title=The Armenian genocide in perspective|yea(contracted; show full)eylanpınar Özbek Türkleri]. Evrenpasakoyu.wordpress.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> In the 1800s Konya's north Bogrudelik was settled by Tatar [[Emirate of Bukhara|Bukharlyks]]. In 1981 [[Uzbeks in Pakistan|Afghan Turkestan refugees in Pakistan]] moved to Turkey to join the existing Kayseri, Izmir, Ankara, and Zeytinburnu based communities.<ref name="Espace"/> Turkish based Uzbeks have established links to Saudi-based Uzbeks.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Balcı |first=Bayram
 |last2= |first2= |date=Winter 2004 |title=The Role of the Pilgrimage in Relations between Uzbekistan and the Uzbek Community of Saudi Arabia |url=https://cess.memberclicks.net/assets/cesr2/CESR3/article%203%20v3n1.pdf |journal=CENTRAL EURASIAN STUDIES REVIEW |publisher= |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=17 |doi= |access-date=30 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045534/https://cess.memberclicks.net/assets/cesr2/CESR3/article%203%20v3n1.pdf# |archive-date=2016-03-04 |dead-url=yes |df=url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== Uyghurs ====
{{main|Uyghurs}}
{{main|Turkistan Islamic Party}}
Turkey is home to 50,000 Uyghurs.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date= April 9, 2015 |title=ISIL recruits Chinese with fake Turkish passports from Istanbul |url=http://national.bgnnews.com/isil-recruits-chinese-with-fake-turkish-passports-from-istanbul-haberi/4968|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925213242/http://national.bgnnews.com/isil-recruits-chinese-with-fake-turkish-passports-from-istanbul-haberi/4968|dead-url=yesurl-status=dead|archive-date=September 25, 2015|newspaper=BGNNews.com|location=Istanbul  |access-date= }}</ref> A community of Uyghurs live in Turkey.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blanchard   |first=Ben |date= July 11, 2015 |title=China says Uighurs being sold as 'cannon fodder' for extremist groups |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-turkey-idUSKCN0PL08520150711|newspaper=Reuters |location=BEIJING |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=July 11, 2015 |title=Uyghurs sold as ‘cannon fodder’ for extremist groups: China |url=http://atimes.com/2015/07/uyg(contracted; show full)rsight of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, June 16, 2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gpqOZyk2yUUC&q=community+mosques+zeytinburnu&dq=community+mosques+zeytinburnu&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-kpLl_-rOAhVLGx4KHZbPAhsQ6AEIKTAC|year=2009|publisher=U.S. G.P.O.|page=52}}</ref>

Istanbul's districts of [[Küçükçekmece]], [[Sefaköy]] and [[Zeytinburnu]] are home to Uyghur communities.<ref>{{cite news|
last=|first=|date=8 January 2015|title=Uygur Ajan Rabia Kadir, Doğu Türkistanlı Mücahidleri İhbar Etti|url=http://www.islahhaber.net/uygur-ajan-rabia-kadir--dogu-turkistanli-mucahidleri-ihbar-etti-42554.html|newspaper=ISLAH HABER "Özgür Ümmetin Habercisi"|location=|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203131834/http://www.islahhaber.net/uygur-ajan-rabia-kadir--dogu-turkistanli-mucahidleri-ihbar-etti-42554.html#|archive-date=2016-02-03|dead-url=yes|df=url-status=dead}}</ref> Eastern Turkistan Education and Solidarity Association is located in Turkey.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zenn|first1=Jacob|title=An Overview of Chinese Fighters and Anti-Chinese Militant Groups in Syria and Iraq|journal=China Brief|date=10 October 2014|volume=14|issue=19 |url=http://www.jamestown.org/regions/middleeast/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=42944&tx_ttnews[backPid]=49&cHash=266cbf52f118868715823bbffd809caf#.VX3kqEZGR9g |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618235954/http://www.jamestown.org/regions/middleeast/single/?tx_ttnews#.VX3p_EZGR9g|archivedate=18 June 2015|accessdate=14 June 2015|publisher=The Jamestown Foundation|deadurl=yes|df=url-status=dead}}</ref> Abdurahmon Abdulahad of the East Turkistan Education Association supported Uzbek Islamists who protested against Russia and Islam Karimov's Uzbekistan government.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://turkistanlilar.org/%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA-%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3/ |title=Истанбулда Туркистонлик муҳожирларга қилинаётган қотилликларга қарши норозилик намойиши бўлди (Kирил ва Лотинда) |last1=YoSIN  |first1=Muhammad |last2= |first2= |date=2015-11-01 |website=Uluslararası Türkistanlılar Dayanışma Derneği |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> Uyghurs are employed in Küçükçekmece and Zeytinburnu restaurants.<ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=29 November 2015|title=China entered into Istanbul,Turkey with her 150 Spies|url=http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/29/china-entered-into-istanbulturkey-with-her-150-spies/|newspaper=EAST TURKESTAN BULLETIN NEWS AGENT/ News Center|location=|access-date=|deadurl=yesurl-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119103212/http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/29/china-entered-into-istanbulturkey-with-her-150-spies/|archivedate=19 January 2016|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=20 November 2015|title=Çin İstihbaratı, 150 Ajan İle İstanbul’a Giriş Yaptı|url=http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/20/cin-istihbarati150-ajani-ile-istanbula-giris-yapti/|newspaper=DOĞU TÜRKİSTAN BÜLTENİ HABER AJANSI / Haber Merkezi|location=|access-date=|deadurl=yesurl-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128040543/http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/20/cin-istihbarati150-ajani-ile-istanbula-giris-yapti/|archivedate=28 November 2015|df=}}</ref> ''East Turkistan Immigration Association'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Doğu Türkistan Göçmenler Derneği 1960 |url=http://www.doguturkistan.com.tr/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508011959/http://www.doguturkistan.com.tr/# |archivedate=2016-05-08 |language=tr}}</ref> ''East Turkistan Culture and Solidarity Association'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Gökbayrak Dergisi |url=http://www.gokbayrak.com/# |website=www.gokbayrak.com |language(contracted; show full)n Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]]. In 2005, refugees from Afghanistan numbered 300 and made a sizeable proportion of Turkey's registered migrants.<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/home/PUBL/4492678ae.pdf UNHCR Ankara Office]</ref> Most of them were spread out over satellite cities with [[Van, Turkey|Van]] and [[Ağrı]] being the most specific locations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldrefugeesurvey.org/images/b/bb/TurkeyMap.jpg |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-02-11 |
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601183426/http://www.worldrefugeesurvey.org/images/b/bb/TurkeyMap.jpg |archivedate=2010-06-01 |df= }}</ref> In the following years, the number of Afghans entering Turkey greatly increased, second only to migrants from Iraq; in 2009, there were 16,000 people designated under the Iraq-Afghanistan category. Despite a dramatic 50 percent reduction by 2010, reports confirmed hundreds living and working in Turkey.<ref>http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=205790 {{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> As of January 2010, Af(contracted; show full)d/html/europe.stm Brits Abroad: BBC]</ref> They consist mainly of [[United Kingdom|British]] citizens married to [[Turkey|Turkish]] spouses, [[British Turks]] who have moved back into the country, students and families of long-term expatriates employed predominately in white-collar industry.<ref name="A">{{Cite news|url=http://www.capital.com.tr/the-number-of-expats-has-reached-26000-haberler/20006.aspx|title=The Number Of Expats Has Reached 26,000|work=Capital|first=Hande|last=Yavuz|
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110114013411/http://www.capital.com.tr/the-number-of-expats-has-reached-26000-haberler/20006.aspx|archivedate=2011-01-14|df=}}</ref>

==== Dutch ====
{{main article|Dutch people}}
Approximately 15,000 [[Dutch people|Dutch]] live in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.nl/nr/exeres/E4FCE219-D72D-47C6-A867-7D7EC9ED0BF0.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-08-07 |deadurl=yesurl-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205032945/http://www.cbs.nl/nr/exeres/E4FCE219-D72D-47C6-A867-7D7EC9ED0BF0.htm |archivedate=2012-02-05 |df= }}</ref>

==== Germans ====
{{Main article|Germans in Turkey}}
There are over 50,000 '''[[Germans|German]]s''' living in '''[[Turkey]]''', primarily Germans married to Turkish spouses, employees, retirees and long-term tourists who buy properties across the Turkish coastline, often spending most of the year in the country.<ref name="TA">{{cite web|first=Cem |last=Şentürk |url=http://www.turkofamerica.com/index.php?Itemid=174&(contracted; show full)er between 4 and 5 million. [http://www.erionet.org/site/basic100094.html European Roma Information Office]</ref> while according to a Turkish source, they are only 0.05% of Turkey's population (or roughly persons).<ref>"Bu düzenlemeyle ortaya çıkan tabloda Türkiye’de yetişkinlerin (18 yaş ve üstündekilerin) etnik kimliklerin dağılımı ... % 0,05 Roman ... şeklindedir.": {{cite web |url=http://www.konda.com.tr/html/dosyalar/ttya_tr.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-02-04 |
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030012326/http://konda.com.tr/html/dosyalar/ttya_tr.pdf |archivedate=2010-10-30 |df= }}</ref> The descendants of the Ottoman Roma today are known as [[Xoraxane]] Roma and are of the [[Islam]]ic faith.<ref>Elena Marushiakova, Veselin Popov (2001) "Gypsies in the Ottoman Empire", {{ISBN|1902806026}}''[[University of Hertfordshire Press]]''
*Original: Елена Марушиакова, Веселин Попов (2000) "Циганите в Османската империя". Литавра, София (''Litavra'' Publishers, [[Sofia]]).{{bg icon}}</ref>

=== Minor foreigner ===
(contracted; show full)== Religious minorities ==
{{Main article|Religion in Turkey}}
{{Further information|Freedom of religion in Turkey}}

===Atheists===
{{Main article|Atheism in Turkey}}

In Turkey, [[Atheism]] is the biggest group after Islam. The percentage of atheists according to polls apparently rose from about 2% in 2012<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wingia.com/web/files/news/14/file/14.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-11-14 |
deadurl=yesurl-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021065544/http://www.wingia.com/web/files/news/14/file/14.pdf |archivedate=2013-10-21 |df= }}</ref> to approximately 6% in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wingia.com/web/files/richeditor/filemanager/Religion_Tabs_Q5_EOY_2016_02.04.2017.pdf# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001173720/http://www.wingia.com/web/files/richeditor/filemanager/Religion_Tabs_Q5_EOY_2016_02.04.2017.pdf# |archive-date=2017-10-01 |dead-url=yes |df=url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Bahá'í ===
[[File:House-Bahaullah-Edirne.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The house where the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, [[Bahá'u'lláh]] stayed in, Edirne]]
{{Main article|Bahá'í Faith in Turkey}}
Turkish cities [[Edirne]] and [[İstanbul]] are in the holy places of this religion. Estimate Bahá'í population in Turkey is 10,000 (2008) <ref>[https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2008/108476.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2008-Turkey]</ref>
(contracted; show full)

==== Protestants ====
{{Main article|Protestantism in Turkey}}

[[Protestants]] comprise far less than one tenth of one percent of the population of Turkey. Even so, there is an Alliance of Protestant Churches in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web
|author= |year= |title=World Evangelical Alliance |work= |url=http://www.worldevangelicalalliance.com/members/europe.htm |accessdate= |deadurl=yesurl-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203003227/http://www.worldevangelicalalliance.com/members/europe.htm |archivedate=2013-12-03 |df= }}</ref><ref name="kirche-in-not.de">{{cite web|author= |year= |title=German Site on Christians in Turkey |format= |work= |url=http://www.kirche-in-not.de/01_aktuelles/meldungen_2006_tuerkische_christen_fuer_eu_beitritt.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928002647/http://www.kirche-in-not.de/01_aktuelles/meldungen_2006_tuerkische_christen_fuer_eu_beitritt.php |dead-url=yesurl-status=dead |archive-date=2007-09-28 |accessdate= }}</ref>  
The [[constitution of Turkey]] recognizes freedom of religion for individuals. The Armenian Protestants own three Istanbul Churches from the 19th century.<ref name="kirche-in-not.de"/>
(contracted; show full)

In February 2006, Catholic priest [[Andrea Santoro]], an Italian missionary working in Turkey for 10 years, was shot twice at his church near the Black Sea.<ref>{{cite web
|author= |date=February 6, 2006 |title=Priest's killing shocks Christians in Turkey |format= |work=Catholic World News |url=http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=42255 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060211165101/http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=42255 |dead-url=yesurl-status=dead |archive-date=February 11, 2006 |accessdate=2006-06-26 |df= }}</ref> He had written a letter to the Pope asking him to visit Turkey.<ref>{{cite web | author=| date= February 9, 2006| title=Priest Slain in Turkey Had Sought Pope Visit | format=| work=Reuters | url=https://www.nytimes.com/glogin?URI=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/09/international/europe/09vatican.html&OQ=_rQ3D1Q26nQ3DTopQ252fReferenceQ252fTimesQ2520TopicsQ252fOrganizationsQ252fRQ252fRomanQ2520CatholicQ2520ChurchQ2520&OP=789afff8Q2FQ3DQ2AdUQ3DcN_PQ27NNibQ3Db77(Q3D7bQ3D7TQ3DQ24aidQ(contracted; show full)

=== Muslims ===
{{Main article|Islam in Turkey}}
==== Alawites ====
[[File:Alevis_in_Turkey.png|thumb|right|300px|Distribution of Alevi population in Turkey. Red = Anatolian Alevis (Turks, Kurds and Zazas). Dark red = Alawites (Arabs) in Southern Turkey.]]
{{Main article|Alawites in Turkey}}
The exact number of [[Alawites]]  in Turkey is unknown, but there were 185 000 Alawites in 1970.<ref>{{Cite book | author
-link=  | coauthors= | title=State and rural society in medieval Islam: sultans, muqtaʻs, and fallahun | year=1997 | publisher=E.J. Brill | location=Leiden  | isbn=90-04-10649-9 | pages=162}}</ref> As [[Muslim]]s, they are not recorded separately from Sunnis in ID registration. In the [[Demographics of Turkey#1965 linguistic census|1965 census]] (the last Turkish census where informants were asked their [[mother tongue]]), 180,000 people in the three provinces declared their mother tongue as [[Arabic l(contracted; show full)
Twelver shia population of Turkey is nearly 3 million and most of them are Azeris. Half million of [[Ja'fari]]s live in İstanbul.
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.minorityrights.org/4408/turkey/caferis.html# |title=minorityrights.org, Caferis |access-date=2012-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322091307/http://www.minorityrights.org/4408/turkey/caferis.html# |archive-date=2012-03-22 |
dead-url=yes |df=url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Yazidi ===
{{Main article|Yazidis in Turkey}}
Turkey is in the area of the [[Yazidi]] homeland, along with Syria and Iraq. The Yazidi population in Turkey was estimated at around 22.000 in 1984.<ref name=Chaukeddin>{{cite book|last=Issa|first=Chaukeddin|title=Das Yezidentum : Religion und Leben, p.180|year=2008|publisher=Dengê Êzîdiyan|location=Oldenburg|isbn=978-3-9810751-4-4}}</ref> Earlier figures are difficult to obtain and verify, but some estimate there were about 100.(contracted; show full){{Reflist|30em}}

{{Demographics of Turkey}}
{{Europe topic|Ethnic minorities in}}
{{Asia topic|Ethnic minorities in}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Turkey]]
[[Category:Ethnic minorities]]